Preparation and characterization of calcium phosphate cement with enhanced tissue adhesion for bone defect repair

Anti-washout and tissue adhesion properties are essential for the clinical application of injectable bone materials. In this study, we prepared calcium phosphate cement (CPC) with anti-washout and tissue adhesion properties and attempted to build covalent bonds between CPC and the amino groups in bone tissue under a self-regulating pH system in the CPC (acidic to basic). The results of push-out tests demonstrated that a significant enhancement (from 6.42 ± 0.76 N to 61.5 ± 4.09 N) in tissue adhesion was obtained with the addition of 6% (w/w) oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) in CPC. The FTIR, XRD, anti-washout test, XPS, pH test, and SEM results suggested that the synergistic effect of OSA-citric acid (CA) led to the formation of a three-dimensional gel network structure in the CPC, and the Schiff base reaction between aldehyde and amino groups induced adhesion between CPC and the bone tissue. Further, the addition of less OSA had no significant negative effect on the hydration properties of CPC. Our work aims to promote the development of injectable bone material in clinical applications.     

基于GIS单线图的配网停电单模拟操作应用研究

配电网停电会造成电力系统供配电可靠性以及服务质量下降,研究基于地理信息系统(GIS)单线图的配网停电单模拟操作应用。利用网格长度作为基本单位建立坐标系,以选取起始点与终止点为基础,通过四参数法将GIS坐标映射至图纸网格内,实现配网内设备初步布局,将杆塔、站房和整体均匀分布作为优化目标,设置多目标优化目标函数实现GIS单线图最终优化。选取某电力公司配网作为单模拟操作应用对象,模拟结果表明,单模拟操作配网停电后,该配网各负荷点年故障率、次平均停电时间以及年停电时间均有所减少,可有效提升配网的供配电可靠性。     

贵州北盘江增殖放流效果评价

为了评估北盘江鱼类增殖放流效果,2017~2018年期间采用体外荧光、剪鳍、"T"型标三种标志方法对目标鱼类进行标志放流,通过集中捕捞方式进行回捕调查,集中捕捞时间为2017年7月、2018年8月,捕捞水域为董菁-马马崖-光照-善泥坡库区。结果表明,白甲鱼回捕率较高,为0.82%,其他鱼类均在0.5%左右,其中主要为低龄鱼类,高龄鱼类较少;董菁打邦河及各库尾水域物种丰富度较高,善泥坡高家渡码头和马马崖库区试验库尾物种多样性指数相对较低。建议在以后的增殖放流活动中,加大每年的监测频次。     

弱相互作用调控表面活性剂自组装(Ⅱ)——表面活性剂的结构与设计

介绍了表面活性剂的结构、性质以及分类,综述了阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂的分子间弱相互作用。另外,简述了低聚型表面活性剂和其他新型表面活性剂的结构及应用。     

基于“天空地”一体化技术的安全监测系统建设与应用

西藏江达县白格村金沙江右岸于2018年10月11日和2018年11月3日先后发生2次大规模滑坡—堰塞湖堵江事件,溃堰洪水对下游拉哇库区不良地质体的稳定性造成不同程度的影响。为保障下游水电站建设安全,对拉哇库区主要不良地质体建立了基于星载InSAR技术、无人机技术和地面传感器实时监测的“天空地”一体化监测预警体系,以多维空间采集技术获取变形信息,通过智能监控平台对信息及时进行处理、分析和可视化呈现,利用平台、短信等方式向相关人员进行分级告警,取得了较好的应用效果。     

Ni-P/HZSM-5催化木质素降解制备酚类化学品

采用Ni-P复合改性HZSM-5催化剂催化木质素降解制备高附加值的单酚类化学品，探讨了催化剂种类、金属负载量、反应温度、反应时间以及溶剂种类对木质素催化降解制备酚类化合物的影响。同时采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、比表面积和孔径分析仪（BET）、化学吸附仪（NH₃-TPD）、热重分析仪（TG）以及气相色谱质谱联用仪（GC/MS）对催化剂以及液相产物进行分析表征，同时探讨其催化失活以及再生机制。结果表明：Ni、P高度分散在HZSM-5催化剂的表面，Ni的添加有效地弱化了C－C键，致使β-O-4和α-O-4发生断裂，有效地提高了木质素加氢解聚的活性，减少了焦炭的生成，但催化剂的再生水热稳定性较差，重复使用性较低。当采用甲醇为供氢试剂，在反应温度为220℃，氢气压力为2MPa，反应时间为8h，催化剂负载量为10%，NaOH为共催化剂时，其木质素的转化率为98.6%，酚类化合物的含量达到74.97%。产物以苯酚、愈创木酚和紫丁香酚为主，低温促进了紫丁香酚的产生。     

Occurrence and distribution of dibenzofurans and benzo[b]naphthofurans in the crude oils from the Northern and offshore Niger Delta basin,Nigeria

The occurrence and distributions of dibenzofurans (DBFs) and benzo[b]naphthofurans were investigated in crude oils from Niger Delta, Nigeria, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry. The distribution of DBFs was characterized by the predominance of C₂-dibenzofurans. 4-Methyldibenzofuran was the most abundant among the methyldibenzofurans isomers while dimethyldibenzofuran-2 (DMDBF-2), ethyldibenzofuran-1, DMDBF-3, and DMDBF-6 occurred in higher amounts when compared with other DMDBFs. Among the benzonaphthofurans, the abundance of benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]furan was higher than other isomers. The DBFs distributions in the oils were not affected by source facies and depositional environments. However, the DBFs concentrations increased with increasing maturity in oils from ADL and MJO oilfields.